Reproductive Immunology: Open Access

Secondary Malignant Neoplasms in Patients with Primary Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Analysis from SEER Database...

Purpose: An increasing attention has turned to the burden of secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in longterm cancer survivors. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, and survival outcomes of SMNs in primary hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Materials and Methods: Patients with primary diagnosis with HSCC and reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program between 1973 and 2016 were eligible for this study. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of SMNs and survival rates. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of SMNs after primary HSCC were also assessed. Results: A total of 8518 patients diagnosed with HSCC as their first malignancy were included (median follow-up: 142 months). 984 patients developed SMNs with a median time from primary diagnosis to an SMN diagnosis was 3.8 years. The cumulative incidences of any SMNs were 30% at 10 years, and 54% at 20 years. The top three common secondary tumors were lung, esophageal and oral cavity cancer, with cumulative incidence rates of 22%, 12% and 9% at 20 years, irrespectively. The SIR for SMNs in survivors of HSCC compared with the general population was 2.86 and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate after SMNS was 16%. Esophageal carcinoma as a SMN showed the highest SIR of 23.81 and presented with the lowest 5-year OS rate of 7%. Conclusions: Survivors of HSCC are at increased risks of developing SMNs compared with the baseline population. Patients developed oesophageal carcinoma as SMNs showed the highest SIR and shortest survival Keywords: Second primary malignancy, Hypopharyngeal cancer, Cumulative incidence, Survival, Risk factor

Author(s): Qingtong Liu

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